Web Design & Development Solved MCQs

Chapter 1: Internet, Web and Networking

1. Which protocol is mainly used to transfer web pages between a browser and web server?

A) FTP
B) SMTP
C) HTTP
D) DNS

Answer: C) HTTP

Explanation: HTTP transfers web resources.

2. Which component identifies the server in a URL?

A) Host
B) Path
C) Query
D) Fragment

Answer: A) Host

Explanation: Host identifies the web server.

3. What does DNS primarily translate?

A) Ports to protocols
B) Names to IP addresses
C) Files to URLs
D) Packets to frames

Answer: B) Names to IP addresses

Explanation: DNS resolves domain names.

4. Which DNS lookup converts an IP address into a hostname?

A) Forward lookup
B) Direct lookup
C) Generic lookup
D) Reverse lookup

Answer: D) Reverse lookup

Explanation: Reverse DNS resolves IP addresses.

5. Which protocol is commonly used to transfer files between computers?

A) HTTP
B) FTP
C) SMTP
D) POP3

Answer: B) FTP

Explanation: FTP transfers files.

6. How many separate connections does traditional FTP normally establish?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Answer: B) Two

Explanation: FTP uses control and data connections.

7. Which protocol provides secure HTTP communication?

A) HTTPS
B) FTPS
C) SFTP
D) SSH

Answer: A) HTTPS

Explanation: HTTPS secures HTTP traffic.

8. Which port is normally associated with HTTPS?

A) 21
B) 25
C) 80
D) 443

Answer: D) 443

Explanation: HTTPS commonly uses port 443.

9. IPv4 addresses contain how many bits?

A) 16 bits
B) 32 bits
C) 64 bits
D) 128 bits

Answer: B) 32 bits

Explanation: IPv4 uses 32 bits.

10. Which device forwards packets between different networks?

A) Switch
B) Hub
C) Router
D) Repeater

Answer: C) Router

Explanation: Routers connect networks.

Chapter 2: HTML Fundamentals

11. What does HTML stand for?

A) Hyperlink Text Markup Language
B) Hyper Text Markup Language
C) High Text Machine Language
D) Hyper Transfer Markup Language

Answer: B) Hyper Text Markup Language

Explanation: HTML structures web pages.

12. Which element defines the largest standard HTML heading?

A) <h6>
B) <head>
C) <heading>
D) <h1>

Answer: D) <h1>

Explanation: <h1> is the largest heading.

13. Which HTML element creates a hyperlink?

A) <a>
B) <link>
C) <href>
D) <url>

Answer: A) <a>

Explanation: <a> creates links.

14. Which attribute specifies the destination of a hyperlink?

A) src
B) link
C) href
D) target

Answer: C) href

Explanation: href contains the URL.

15. Which HTML element inserts an image?

A) <picture>
B) <img>
C) <image>
D) <src>

Answer: B) <img>

Explanation: <img> embeds images.

16. Which attribute provides alternative text for an image?

A) title
B) name
C) alt
D) text

Answer: C) alt

Explanation: alt provides alternative text.

17. Which element creates an unordered list?

A) <ol>
B) <li>
C) <dl>
D) <ul>

Answer: D) <ul>

Explanation: <ul> creates unordered lists.

18. Which element defines an individual list item?

A) <li>
B) <item>
C) <list>
D) <ul>

Answer: A) <li>

Explanation: <li> defines list items.

19. Which HTML element creates a table row?

A) <td>
B) <tr>
C) <th>
D) <row>

Answer: B) <tr>

Explanation: <tr> defines table rows.

20. Which element defines a table header cell?

A) <thead>
B) <header>
C) <th>
D) <td>

Answer: C) <th>

Explanation: <th> creates header cells.

Chapter 3: HTML Forms and Multimedia

21. Which HTML element creates a form?

A) <input>
B) <form>
C) <fieldset>
D) <data>

Answer: B) <form>

Explanation: <form> contains form controls.

22. Which attribute specifies where form data is submitted?

A) action
B) method
C) target
D) submit

Answer: A) action

Explanation: action specifies the destination.

23. Which form method appends submitted data to the URL?

A) POST
B) SEND
C) GET
D) PUT

Answer: C) GET

Explanation: GET places data in the URL.

24. Which input type hides entered characters?

A) hidden
B) secure
C) password
D) protected

Answer: C) password

Explanation: Password fields mask characters.

25. Which input type allows selecting multiple independent choices?

A) radio
B) checkbox
C) select
D) option

Answer: B) checkbox

Explanation: Checkboxes allow multiple selections.

26. Which control normally allows one choice from a group?

A) Checkbox
B) Textbox
C) Radio button
D) List box

Answer: C) Radio button

Explanation: Radio buttons select one option.

27. Which HTML element embeds video content?

A) <movie>
B) <media>
C) <video>
D) <film>

Answer: C) <video>

Explanation: <video> embeds video.

28. Which HTML element embeds audio content?

A) <sound>
B) <music>
C) <audio>
D) <media>

Answer: C) <audio>

Explanation: <audio> embeds audio.

29. Which attribute makes an input field mandatory?

A) required
B) mandatory
C) validate
D) needed

Answer: A) required

Explanation: required prevents empty submission.

30. Which element groups related form controls?

A) <group>
B) <fieldset>
C) <section>
D) <formgroup>

Answer: B) <fieldset>

Explanation: <fieldset> groups controls.

Chapter 4: CSS

31. What does CSS stand for?

A) Computer Style Sheets
B) Cascading Style Sheets
C) Creative Style Syntax
D) Cascading System Sheets

Answer: B) Cascading Style Sheets

Explanation: CSS controls presentation.

32. Which CSS property changes text color?

A) font-color
B) text-color
C) color
D) foreground

Answer: C) color

Explanation: color sets text color.

33. Which property changes an element’s background color?

A) background-color
B) color-background
C) bgcolor
D) background-style

Answer: A) background-color

Explanation: It sets background color.

34. Which selector targets an element by its ID?

A) .
B) #
C) *
D) @

Answer: B) #

Explanation: # selects IDs.

35. Which selector targets elements by class?

A) #
B) @
C) .
D) :

Answer: C) .

Explanation: Dot selects classes.

36. Which CSS property controls the size of text?

A) font-size
B) text-size
C) font-height
D) character-size

Answer: A) font-size

Explanation: font-size sets text size.

37. Which property makes text bold?

A) font-style
B) text-weight
C) font-weight
D) font-bold

Answer: C) font-weight

Explanation: font-weight controls thickness.

38. Which property controls spacing between lines?

A) word-spacing
B) line-height
C) text-spacing
D) letter-spacing

Answer: B) line-height

Explanation: line-height controls line spacing.

39. Which CSS property aligns inline text horizontally?

A) align-text
B) text-align
C) horizontal-align
D) content-align

Answer: B) text-align

Explanation: text-align controls horizontal alignment.

40. Which CSS property controls space inside an element’s border?

A) margin
B) padding
C) spacing
D) inset

Answer: B) padding

Explanation: Padding is inside the border.

Chapter 5: CSS Layout and Responsive Design

41. Which CSS property controls space outside an element?

A) padding
B) border
C) margin
D) spacing

Answer: C) margin

Explanation: Margin creates outer space.

42. Which CSS layout system is designed for one-dimensional layouts?

A) Grid
B) Flexbox
C) Table
D) Float

Answer: B) Flexbox

Explanation: Flexbox handles one-dimensional layouts.

43. Which CSS layout system is designed for two-dimensional layouts?

A) Flexbox
B) Float
C) Grid
D) Inline

Answer: C) Grid

Explanation: Grid handles rows and columns.

44. Which property changes the positioning method of an element?

A) position
B) placement
C) location
D) layout

Answer: A) position

Explanation: position controls positioning.

45. Which position value keeps an element fixed relative to the viewport?

A) absolute
B) relative
C) fixed
D) static

Answer: C) fixed

Explanation: Fixed elements stay relative to viewport.

46. Which CSS rule is commonly used for responsive layouts?

A) @screen
B) @media
C) @responsive
D) @device

Answer: B) @media

Explanation: Media queries adapt layouts.

47. What does responsive web design primarily achieve?

A) Faster servers
B) Device-adaptive layouts
C) Larger databases
D) Automatic coding

Answer: B) Device-adaptive layouts

Explanation: Layout adapts to screen sizes.

48. Which CSS unit is relative to the root element’s font size?

A) em
B) rem
C) px
D) pt

Answer: B) rem

Explanation: rem uses root font size.

49. Which property controls whether an element is displayed?

A) visibility
B) display
C) opacity
D) show

Answer: B) display

Explanation: display controls rendering behavior.

50. Which value removes an element from the layout?

A) hidden
B) none
C) invisible
D) remove

Answer: B) none

Explanation: display: none removes layout space.

Chapter 6: JavaScript Fundamentals

51. Which language is primarily used to add client-side interactivity to web pages?

A) SQL
B) PHP
C) JavaScript
D) XML

Answer: C) JavaScript

Explanation: JavaScript adds browser interactivity.

52. Which object represents the browser window?

A) document
B) window
C) screen
D) browser

Answer: B) window

Explanation: window represents browser context.

53. Which method displays a dialog box with a message?

A) message()
B) alert()
C) display()
D) popup()

Answer: B) alert()

Explanation: alert() displays a message.

54. Which keyword declares a block-scoped variable that can be reassigned?

A) var
B) const
C) let
D) static

Answer: C) let

Explanation: let allows reassignment.

55. Which keyword declares a variable that cannot be reassigned?

A) fixed
B) const
C) final
D) static

Answer: B) const

Explanation: const prevents reassignment.

56. Which JavaScript data type represents true or false?

A) Boolean
B) Binary
C) Logical
D) Bit

Answer: A) Boolean

Explanation: Boolean stores true or false.

57. Which operator checks both value and data type?

A) ==
B) =
C) !=
D) ===

Answer: D) ===

Explanation: Strict equality checks both.

58. Which keyword defines a JavaScript function?

A) method
B) function
C) define
D) procedure

Answer: B) function

Explanation: function declares functions.

59. Which method writes content into the browser document?

A) document.write()
B) document.print()
C) page.write()
D) window.write()

Answer: A) document.write()

Explanation: It writes directly to document output.

60. Which JavaScript event occurs when a user clicks an element?

A) onload
B) onchange
C) onclick
D) onsubmit

Answer: C) onclick

Explanation: onclick responds to clicks.

Chapter 7: DOM and JavaScript Events

61. What does DOM stand for?

A) Document Object Model
B) Data Object Management
C) Document Order Method
D) Digital Object Model

Answer: A) Document Object Model

Explanation: DOM represents document structure.

62. Which method selects an element by its ID?

A) getElementById()
B) getElement()
C) selectById()
D) findElement()

Answer: A) getElementById()

Explanation: It selects a matching ID.

63. Which method selects the first element matching a CSS selector?

A) getElement()
B) querySelector()
C) selectFirst()
D) findSelector()

Answer: B) querySelector()

Explanation: It returns the first match.

64. Which event occurs after a web page finishes loading?

A) onclick
B) onchange
C) onload
D) oninput

Answer: C) onload

Explanation: onload fires after loading.

65. Which event occurs when a form is submitted?

A) onsubmit
B) onform
C) onsend
D) oninput

Answer: A) onsubmit

Explanation: onsubmit handles form submission.

66. Which event occurs when an input value changes?

A) onmodify
B) onchange
C) onedit
D) onvalue

Answer: B) onchange

Explanation: onchange detects value changes.

67. Which method adds an event handler to an element?

A) attachEvent()
B) addEventListener()
C) eventAdd()
D) registerEvent()

Answer: B) addEventListener()

Explanation: It registers event handlers.

68. Which property changes the HTML content of an element?

A) innerHTML
B) htmlText
C) contentHTML
D) elementHTML

Answer: A) innerHTML

Explanation: innerHTML reads or changes HTML.

69. Which property changes only the text content of an element?

A) innerText
B) textHTML
C) textValue
D) HTMLText

Answer: A) innerText

Explanation: innerText handles rendered text.

70. Which JavaScript object represents the HTML document?

A) page
B) browser
C) document
D) html

Answer: C) document

Explanation: document represents the page.

Chapter 8: XML and Web Data

71. What does XML stand for?

A) Extended Markup Language
B) Extensible Markup Language
C) External Markup Language
D) Executable Markup Language

Answer: B) Extensible Markup Language

Explanation: XML stores structured data.

72. Which document defines rules for valid XML structure?

A) HTML
B) CSS
C) DTD
D) HTTP

Answer: C) DTD

Explanation: DTD defines XML structure.

73. XML tags are enclosed within which characters?

A) ()
B) []
C) {}
D) <>

Answer: D) <>

Explanation: XML tags use angle brackets.

74. Which XML feature allows users to create their own tags?

A) Custom elements
B) User-defined tags
C) Flexible syntax
D) All of these

Answer: B) User-defined tags

Explanation: XML supports custom tags.

75. Which markup language is primarily designed for data representation?

A) HTML
B) CSS
C) XML
D) JavaScript

Answer: C) XML

Explanation: XML represents structured data.

76. Which format is commonly used for exchanging structured data in web applications?

A) JPEG
B) JSON
C) MP3
D) CSS

Answer: B) JSON

Explanation: JSON is widely used for data exchange.

77. Which symbol separates key and value in a JSON object?

A) =
B) :
C) =>
D) ;

Answer: B) :

Explanation: JSON uses colon separators.

78. Which symbols represent a JSON object?

A) []
B) ()
C) {}
D) <>

Answer: C) {}

Explanation: JSON objects use braces.

Chapter 9: Web Servers and Server-Side Development

79. What is the primary role of a web server?

A) Create hardware
B) Serve web resources
C) Design databases
D) Compile operating systems

Answer: B) Serve web resources

Explanation: Web servers deliver web content.

80. Which software is commonly used as a web server?

A) Apache
B) MySQL
C) Photoshop
D) Excel

Answer: A) Apache

Explanation: Apache is a web server.

81. Which technology executes code on the server?

A) Server-side scripting
B) CSS styling
C) HTML parsing
D) Client rendering

Answer: A) Server-side scripting

Explanation: Server-side code runs on servers.

82. What does PHP stand for?

A) Personal Home Page
B) Private Hypertext Processor
C) PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
D) Public HTML Processor

Answer: C) PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

Explanation: PHP is a server-side scripting language.

83. Which PHP symbol starts a variable name?

A) #
B) $
C) @
D) %

Answer: B) $

Explanation: PHP variables begin with $.

84. Which ASP technology is based on server-side web scripting?

A) Active Server Pages
B) Advanced Server Program
C) Application Service Pages
D) Active System Pages

Answer: A) Active Server Pages

Explanation: ASP means Active Server Pages.

85. Which ASP.NET feature sends a Web Forms page back to the server?

A) Redirect
B) Postback
C) Callback
D) Refresh

Answer: B) Postback

Explanation: Postback submits page events.

86. Which namespace contains the ASP.NET Web Forms Page class?

A) System.Web
B) System.Web.UI
C) System.Page
D) System.Web.Forms

Answer: B) System.Web.UI

Explanation: Page belongs to System.Web.UI.

Chapter 10: Databases and Web Applications

87. Which language is commonly used to query relational databases?

A) HTML
B) CSS
C) SQL
D) XML

Answer: C) SQL

Explanation: SQL manages relational data.

88. Which SQL command retrieves records?

A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) UPDATE
D) DELETE

Answer: B) SELECT

Explanation: SELECT retrieves data.

89. Which SQL command adds new records?

A) CREATE
B) INSERT
C) ADD
D) APPEND

Answer: B) INSERT

Explanation: INSERT adds records.

90. Which database object uniquely identifies a table row?

A) Foreign key
B) Primary key
C) Index key
D) Candidate field

Answer: B) Primary key

Explanation: Primary keys uniquely identify rows.

Chapter 11: Cookies, Sessions and Web Security

91. Where are standard browser cookies primarily stored?

A) Web server
B) Browser
C) DNS server
D) Database server

Answer: B) Browser

Explanation: Cookies are stored client-side.

92. Which mechanism is commonly used to maintain user state on the server?

A) Session
B) Cache
C) DNS
D) Cookie

Answer: A) Session

Explanation: Sessions maintain server-side state.

93. Which attack injects malicious SQL through application input?

A) XSS
B) CSRF
C) SQL Injection
D) Session Hijacking

Answer: C) SQL Injection

Explanation: SQL injection manipulates database queries.

94. Which attack injects malicious scripts into web pages?

A) XSS
B) SQL Injection
C) CSRF
D) DNS Spoofing

Answer: A) XSS

Explanation: XSS injects executable scripts.

95. Which attack tricks a logged-in user into sending an unwanted request?

A) XSS
B) CSRF
C) SQL Injection
D) Brute Force

Answer: B) CSRF

Explanation: CSRF abuses authenticated sessions.

96. Which practice helps prevent SQL injection?

A) Larger cookies
B) Prepared statements
C) Longer URLs
D) More HTML

Answer: B) Prepared statements

Explanation: Prepared statements separate data from queries.

97. Which protocol encrypts data between browser and web server?

A) HTTP
B) FTP
C) HTTPS
D) SMTP

Answer: C) HTTPS

Explanation: HTTPS encrypts web traffic.

98. Which HTTP status code means “Not Found”?

A) 200
B) 301
C) 403
D) 404

Answer: D) 404

Explanation: 404 means resource not found.

99. Which HTTP status code indicates a successful request?

A) 200
B) 302
C) 404
D) 500

Answer: A) 200

Explanation: 200 indicates success.

100. Which HTTP status code indicates an internal server error?

A) 301
B) 400
C) 404
D) 500

Answer: D) 500

Explanation: 500 indicates server failure.